Hi Bastian Danielzik，
1.For alignments issue, you need to make sure following notes are applied.
2221054 - Message Bar is not aligned with toolbar in Chrome and Safari
2227094 Incorrect table row alignment Released for Customer
2198235 Advanced Search input fields are not aligned
1858105 - IE10: Some alignments and DDLB items order not right
2.For IE11 Focus cursor issue, you need to make sure following notes are applied.
2013202 - Internet Explorer 11: Cellerator input focus issues
2092815 - IE 11 Screen flickers during personaliza
2153991 WUI: Web UI popups lose focus and go to background
2161329 WUI: Screen jump to top of page issues
2130916 Any changes to assignment blocks scroll back to top
2155450 WUI: Screen jumps to top after DDLB selection in cellerator
3. For other common Issues with IE 11 Browser, please check following WIKI page. http://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/x/jwElGQ
Best Regards,
Bruce